Jungian Sandplay Therapy

Sandplay Therapy is an effective tool to use in therapy with people who have language and verbal communication difficulties, disabilities, trauma, grief, depression and anxiety disorders.

What is Sandplay Therapy?

Sandplay Therapy (SPT) was created by Dora Kalff, a Swiss Jungian analyst in the 1950’s, who worked with children and adults using the non-verbal therapeutic medium as a focus on individuation and wholeness. Jungian Sandplay Therapy was built off of Dr. Margaret Lowenfeld’s ‘World Technique’ that she designed in the 1920’s, after feeling frustrated with the limitations of psychoanalytic talk therapy. It is important to note that there is a difference between the terminology ‘Sandplay,’ and ‘Sandtray,’ as Sandplay is used to refer to the Jungian/Kalffian approach, and Sandtray refers to play therapy. Both modalities have different approaches.

The Approach of Sandplay Therapy

Sandplay Therapy is an effective tool to use in therapy with people who have language and verbal communication difficulties, disabilities, trauma, grief, depression and anxiety disorders. While you might assume that Sandplay is for children, because of its association with play, the modality is suited for all! It’s considered cross-cultural, because of the inclusion of myth, metaphor, personal meaning and interpretation. The approach to Sandplay includes a wooden tray, approximately 19.5 X 28.5 X 2.75 inches, painted with bright blue water-resistant paint (Kalff, 1990). The boxes are filled with dry and wet sand, and the clients have vast materials at their disposal to choose from to create scenes, stories, fantasies, dreams, or reenactments. The therapist will supply shelves with miniatures, that could include people, houses, animals, bridges, boats, along with natural elements like shells, stones, or bark. With little directive to the client, they can choose their materials and begin to immerse in play, which is the mediator of invisible and visible, conscious, and unconscious, linking the internal and external (Kalff, 1990). The modality of Sandplay acts as a bridge or network for one to enter their unconscious, face shadows, and continue their quest of the psyche with the assistance of non-verbal exploration which allows them to tolerate the discomfort of their inner journey (Stagg, 2020).

What Happens in a Sandplay Therapy Session

The role of the psychotherapist is to hold a ‘free and protected space’ for the client to design a scene in the sand. The psychotherapist will take note of the objects or figurines that the client places in the sand, the order they are picked and placed, and where it is in relation to other objects. Sandplay is a process. This is important to remember, because over time, after many trays are done and recorded, one can see important transitions, meanings, and patterns in the work.

Is Sandplay Therapy Evidence Based?

Yes! Sandplay is most definitely an evidence-based practice, with empirical studies and data that supports its efficacy. For example, a recent study with Foo and Pratiwi (2021) supported its efficacy in treating people who experienced generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), with the use of brain images to examine the evidence. Sandplay is an experiential, bottom up, somatic approach to psychotherapy that works differently than top-down approaches, like CBT for example.

Is Sandplay Therapy Just for Kids?

No! Sandplay Therapy is an experiential modality that is helpful for all. It is for children, youth, young adults, adults, seniors, and studies have even included couples. It’s cross-cultural, mainly non-verbal, and supports people who prefer to work with conscious and unconscious material with the use of their hands and symbols.

References

Foo, M and Pratiwi, A. (2021). The Effectiveness of Sandplay Therapy in Treating Generalized Anxiety Disorder Patients With Childhood Trauma Using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to Examine Choline Level in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex and Centrum Semiovale. Association for Play Therapy, 30 (3), 177-186, https://doi.org/10.1037/pla0000162

Kalff, D.M. (1990). Introduction to Sandplay Therapy. Journal of Sandplay Therapy, 1 (1), Retrieved from March 11, 2022, https://kennedypsychotherapy.com

Stagg, E. (2020). Jungian Sandplay For Adults. Therapy Today, 31 (9), 38-41, Retrieved from March 11, 2022, https://web.p.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=13&sid=7963885e-e5ee-49fe-bb0a-ef5290dfc17f%40redis&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPXNzbw%3d%3d#AN=149034532&db=pbh